Country Details
Isle of Man1
Central Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, between the Netherlands and Poland, south of Denmark
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People and Society
Detailed information and insights
Population
Total
84,012,284 (2025 est.)
Male
41,517,301
Female
42,494,983
Nationality
Noun
German(s)
Adjective
German
Ethnic groups
German 85.4%, Turkish 1.8%, Ukrainian 1.4%, Syrian 1.1%, Romanian 1%, Poland 1%, other/stateless/unspecified 8.3% (2022 est.)
Note
note: data represent population by nationality
Languages
Languages
German (official); note - Danish, Frisian, Sorbian, and Romani are official minority languages; Low German, Danish, North Frisian, Sater Frisian, Lower Sorbian, Upper Sorbian, and Romani are recognized as regional languages
Major-language sample(s)
Das World Factbook, die unverzichtbare Quelle für grundlegende Informationen. (German)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Roman Catholic 24.8%, Protestant 22.6%, Muslim 3.7%, other 5.1%, none 43.8% (2022 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
13.8% (male 5,925,800/female 5,688,603)
15-64 years
62.5% (male 26,705,657/female 25,875,865)
65 years and over
23.7% (2024 est.) (male 8,941,245/female 10,981,930)
Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio
61.3 (2025 est.)
Youth dependency ratio
22.4 (2025 est.)
Elderly dependency ratio
38.9 (2025 est.)
Potential support ratio
2.6 (2025 est.)
Median age
Total
46.9 years (2025 est.)
Male
45.5 years
Female
48.3 years
Population growth rate
-0.13% (2025 est.)
Birth rate
8.87 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
11.96 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Net migration rate
1.79 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Population distribution
second most populous country in Europe; a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations, particularly in the far-western part of the industrial state of North Rhine-Westphalia
Urbanization
Urban population
77.8% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization
0.13% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population
3.574 million BERLIN (capital), 1.788 million Hamburg, 1.576 million Munich, 1.144 million Cologne, 796,000 Frankfurt (2023)
Sex ratio
At birth
1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years
1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over
0.81 male(s)/female
Total population
0.98 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
29.9 years (2020 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
4 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Infant mortality rate
Total
3 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
Male
3.5 deaths/1,000 live births
Female
2.7 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth
Total population
81.9 years (2024 est.)
Male
79.6 years
Female
84.4 years
Total fertility rate
1.59 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.77 (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
Improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: rural
rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
12.7% of GDP (2022)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
20.5% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density
4.53 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
Hospital bed density
7.8 beds/1,000 population (2020 est.)
Sanitation facility access
Improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: rural
rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
22.3% (2016)
Alcohol consumption per capita
Total
10.56 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Beer
5.57 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Wine
3.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Spirits
1.97 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Other alcohols
0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
Total
17.2% (2025 est.)
Male
19.4% (2025 est.)
Female
15% (2025 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
0.6% (2016 est.)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
54.4% (2023 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
5.2% of GDP (2022 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
10.7% national budget (2022 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Total
17 years (2023 est.)
Male
17 years (2023 est.)
Female
17 years (2023 est.)