Country Details
Luxembourg
Western Europe, between France and Germany
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Environment
Detailed information and insights
Environmental issues
air and water pollution in urban areas; soil pollution of farmland
International environmental agreements
Party to
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling
Signed, but not ratified
Environmental Modification
Climate
modified continental with mild winters, cool summers
Land use
Agricultural land
51.7% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 23.8% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 0.6% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 27.1% (2023 est.)
Forest
34.5% (2023 est.)
Other
13.9% (2023 est.)
Urbanization
Urban population
92.1% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization
1.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions
Total emissions
8.715 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
From coal and metallurgical coke
75,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
From petroleum and other liquids
7.496 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
From consumed natural gas
1.144 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Particulate matter emissions
9.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Waste and recycling
Municipal solid waste generated annually
490,300 tons (2024 est.)
Percent of municipal solid waste recycled
42% (2022 est.)
Total water withdrawal
Municipal
43.53 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Industrial
1.83 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Agricultural
490,000 cubic meters (2022 est.)
Total renewable water resources
3.5 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Geoparks
Total global geoparks and regional networks
1
Global geoparks and regional networks
Mëllerdall (2023)