Country Details

Ukraine

Eastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Poland, Belarus, Romania, and Moldova in the west and Russia in the east

Economy

Detailed information and insights

Economic overview

lower-middle-income, non-EU, Eastern European economy; key wheat and corn exporter; gradual recovery after 30% GDP contraction at start of war; damage to infrastructure and agriculture balanced by consumer and business resilience in western Ukraine; international aid has stabilized foreign exchange reserves, allowing managed currency float; continued progress on anti-corruption reforms

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$577.583 billion (2024 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$561.23 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$531.796 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate

Real GDP growth rate 2024

2.9% (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

5.5% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2022

-28.8% (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita

Real GDP per capita 2024

$16,300 (2024 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$15,900 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2022

$13,800 (2022 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$190.741 billion (2024 est.)

Note

note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

6.5% (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

12.8% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

20.2% (2022 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

Agriculture

7.1% (2024 est.)

Industry

19% (2024 est.)

Services

60.6% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use

Household consumption

62.4% (2024 est.)

Government consumption

37.9% (2024 est.)

Investment in fixed capital

18.9% (2024 est.)

Investment in inventories

-0.3% (2024 est.)

Exports of goods and services

29.4% (2024 est.)

Imports of goods and services

-48.3% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products

maize, wheat, potatoes, sugar beets, sunflower seeds, milk, barley, soybeans, rapeseed, tomatoes (2023)

Note

note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Industries

industrial machinery, ferrous and nonferrous metals, automotive and aircraft components, electronics, chemicals, textiles, mining, construction

Industrial production growth rate

4.1% (2024 est.)

Note

note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Labor force

20.539 million (2021 est.)

Note

note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Unemployment rate

Unemployment rate 2021

9.9% (2021 est.)

Unemployment rate 2020

9.5% (2020 est.)

Unemployment rate 2019

8.2% (2019 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

Total

19.1% (2021 est.)

Male

18.1% (2021 est.)

Female

20.4% (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

1.6% (2020 est.)

Note

note: % of population with income below national poverty line

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2020

25.6 (2020 est.)

Average household expenditures

On food

41.7% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

On alcohol and tobacco

6.9% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Lowest 10%

4.3% (2020 est.)

Highest 10%

21.7% (2020 est.)

Remittances

Remittances 2024

6.3% of GDP (2024 est.)

Remittances 2023

8.3% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances 2022

10.4% of GDP (2022 est.)

Budget

Revenues

$86.185 billion (2023 est.)

Expenditures

$121.657 billion (2023 est.)

Public debt

Public debt 2020

58.7% of GDP (2020 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

17.5% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

Note

note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

Current account balance

Current account balance 2024

-$13.749 billion (2024 est.)

Current account balance 2023

-$9.564 billion (2023 est.)

Current account balance 2022

$7.976 billion (2022 est.)

Exports

Exports 2024

$56.114 billion (2024 est.)

Exports 2023

$51.28 billion (2023 est.)

Exports 2022

$57.517 billion (2022 est.)

Exports - partners

Poland 12%, Romania 9%, Turkey 7%, China 6%, Spain 6% (2023)

Note

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Exports - commodities

corn, seed oils, wheat, iron ore, soybeans (2023)

Note

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports

Imports 2024

$92.025 billion (2024 est.)

Imports 2023

$89.159 billion (2023 est.)

Imports 2022

$83.254 billion (2022 est.)

Imports - partners

China 16%, Poland 14%, Germany 8%, Turkey 6%, USA 4% (2023)

Note

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Imports - commodities

refined petroleum, cars, natural gas, packaged medicine, plastic products (2023)

Note

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$43.781 billion (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$40.51 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$28.506 billion (2022 est.)

Debt - external

Debt - external 2023

$90.003 billion (2023 est.)

Exchange rates

Currency

hryvnia (UAH) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2024

40.152 (2024 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

36.574 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

32.342 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

27.286 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2020

26.958 (2020 est.)