Country Details

Thailand

Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, southeast of Burma

Economy

Detailed information and insights

Economic overview

upper middle-income Southeast Asian economy; substantial infrastructure; major electronics, food, and automobile parts exporter; globally used currency; extremely low unemployment; ongoing Thailand 4.0 economic development

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$1.558 trillion (2024 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$1.519 trillion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$1.489 trillion (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate

Real GDP growth rate 2024

2.5% (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

2% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2022

2.6% (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita

Real GDP per capita 2024

$21,700 (2024 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$21,200 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2022

$20,800 (2022 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$526.411 billion (2024 est.)

Note

note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

1.4% (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

8.5% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

-1.6% (2022 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

Agriculture

8.7% (2024 est.)

Industry

32.1% (2024 est.)

Services

59.2% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use

Household consumption

58.2% (2024 est.)

Government consumption

16.7% (2024 est.)

Investment in fixed capital

22.2% (2024 est.)

Investment in inventories

-0.6% (2024 est.)

Exports of goods and services

70.1% (2024 est.)

Imports of goods and services

-66.7% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products

sugarcane, rice, cassava, oil palm fruit, maize, rubber, tropical fruits, chicken, mangoes/guavas, fruits (2023)

Note

note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Industries

tourism, textiles and garments, agricultural processing, beverages, tobacco, cement, light manufacturing such as jewelry and electric appliances, computers and parts, integrated circuits, furniture, plastics, automobiles and automotive parts, agricultural machinery, air conditioning and refrigeration, ceramics, aluminum, chemical, environmental management, glass, granite and marble, leather, machinery and metal work, petrochemical, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, printing, pulp and paper, rubber, sugar, rice, fishing, cassava, world's second-largest tungsten producer and third-largest tin producer

Industrial production growth rate

0.9% (2024 est.)

Note

note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Labor force

40.623 million (2024 est.)

Note

note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Unemployment rate

Unemployment rate 2024

0.7% (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

0.8% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2022

1% (2022 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

Total

4.3% (2024 est.)

Male

3.1% (2024 est.)

Female

6% (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line

5.4% (2022 est.)

Note

note: % of population with income below national poverty line

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2023

33.5 (2023 est.)

Average household expenditures

On food

25.9% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

On alcohol and tobacco

3% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Lowest 10%

3.4% (2023 est.)

Highest 10%

26.1% (2023 est.)

Remittances

Remittances 2024

1.8% of GDP (2024 est.)

Remittances 2023

1.9% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances 2022

1.8% of GDP (2022 est.)

Budget

Revenues

$102.84 billion (2023 est.)

Expenditures

$114.521 billion (2023 est.)

Public debt

Public debt 2023

61.1% of GDP (2023 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

15.4% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

Note

note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

Current account balance

Current account balance 2024

$11.089 billion (2024 est.)

Current account balance 2023

$7.412 billion (2023 est.)

Current account balance 2022

-$17.162 billion (2022 est.)

Exports

Exports 2024

$369.191 billion (2024 est.)

Exports 2023

$337.45 billion (2023 est.)

Exports 2022

$324.111 billion (2022 est.)

Exports - partners

USA 18%, China 13%, Japan 7%, Australia 4%, Singapore 4% (2023)

Note

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Exports - commodities

machine parts, integrated circuits, trucks, cars, broadcasting equipment (2023)

Note

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports

Imports 2024

$351.419 billion (2024 est.)

Imports 2023

$327.008 billion (2023 est.)

Imports 2022

$334.44 billion (2022 est.)

Imports - partners

China 26%, Japan 11%, USA 7%, UAE 6%, Taiwan 5% (2023)

Note

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Imports - commodities

crude petroleum, integrated circuits, natural gas, gold, vehicle parts/accessories (2023)

Note

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$236.934 billion (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$224.47 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$216.501 billion (2022 est.)

Debt - external

Debt - external 2023

$37.065 billion (2023 est.)

Exchange rates

Currency

baht per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2024

35.294 (2024 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

34.802 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

35.061 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

31.977 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2020

31.294 (2020 est.)